Sunday, February 27, 2011

Difference between 2003 and 2008 Server


The main difference between windows 2003 & 2008 are updates such as – security, IIS, RODC. Apart from this Windows Server 2008 has Virtualization, management , & has more in build components and 3rd party drivers.
In Windows Server 2008, Microsoft introduce new technologies, out of them some of this technology not available in Windows Server 2003 SP1.
Top 10 new features in Windows Server 2008
  1. The self-healing NTFS file system
  2. Parallel session creation
  3. Clean service shutdown
  4. Kernel Transaction Manager
  5. SMB2 network file system
  6. Address Space Load Randomization (ASLR)
  7. Windows Hardware Error Architecture (WHEA)
  8. Windows Server Virtualization
  9. PowerShell
  10. Server Core

What is The Role Of the System Administrator?


Q. Can you explain the role of the system administrator?
A. The person who is responsible for setting up and maintaining the system is called as the system administrator. System administrators may be members of an information technology department. Most of the following discussion also applies to network and Windows system admins.

Duties of a system administrator

The duties of a system administrator are wide-ranging, and vary widely from one organization to another. Sysadmins are usually charged with installing, supporting, and maintaining servers or other computer systems, and planning for and responding to service outages and other problems. Other duties may include scripting or light programming, project management for systems-related projects.

The system administrator is responsible for following things:

  1. User administration (setup and maintaining account)
  2. Maintaining system
  3. Verify that peripherals are working properly
  4. Quickly arrange repair for hardware in occasion of hardware failure
  5. Monitor system performance
  6. Create file systems
  7. Install software
  8. Create a backup and recover policy
  9. Monitor network communication
  10. Update system as soon as new version of OS and application software comes out
  11. Implement the policies for the use of the computer system and network
  12. Setup security policies for users. A sysadmin must have a strong grasp of computer security (e.g. firewalls and intrusion detection systems).

What is so special about the system administrator account?

The root account has full (unrestricted) access, so he/she can do anything with system. For example, root can remove critical system files. In addition, there is no way you can recover file except using tape backup.
Many tasks for system administration can be automated using perl or shell scripts. For example:
  • Create new users
  • Resetting user passwords
  • Lock/unlock user accounts
  • Monitor server security
  • Monitor special services etc

Most important skill to a system administrator

Problem solving, period. This can some time lead into all sorts of constraints and stress. When workstation or server goes down, you are called to solve the problem. You should able to quickly and correctly diagnose the problem. You must figure out what is wrong and how best it can be fixed in small amount of time.

System administrators are not...

  • Cookie cutting software engineers.
  • Developers.
  • It is not usually within your duties to design new applications software.
  • But, you must understand the behavior of software in order to deploy it and to troubleshoot problems, and generally should be good at several programming languages used for scripting or automation of routine tasks such as shell, awk, perl, python etc.
  •  Featured :
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    •  A knowledge of operating systems and applications, as well as hardware and software troubleshooting, but also knowledge of the purposes for which people in the organization use the computers is essential for sys admin job.
You can be a database administrator
A security administrator
A network administrator
A UNIX / Window administrator
A system administrator’s responsibilities typically include:
* Morning checks of systems/software.
* Performing backups of data.
* Applying operating system updates, and configuration changes.
* Installing and configuring new hardware/software.
* Adding/deleting/creating/modifying user account information, resetting passwords, etc.
* Answering technical queries.
* Responsibility for security.
* Responsibility for documenting the configuration of the system.
* Troubleshooting any reported problems.
* System performance tuning.
* Keeping the network up and running.

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